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infoshark - 27.06.2007, 09:39Endangered sea turtles make big comeback in S. Florida this
Endangered sea turtles make big comeback in S. Florida this year
Posted June 25 2007
They outlived dinosaurs, only to wind up on the endangered species list. Now, leatherback turtles are poised to make something of a mild resurgence this year.
With a few weeks to go in the nesting season, "Anecdotal reports show this could be a record year statewide for leatherback turtle nests," said Meghan Koperski, environmental specialist with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
The state record, 935 nests, was set in 2001, Koperski said. Florida began keeping records in 1989.
So far, 39 nests have turned up in Broward County, closing in on the record of 41 set in 1997, said Lou Fisher, a natural resource specialist for the Broward County Environmental Protection Department. The county started keeping track in 1981.
Five species of turtles nest in Florida: loggerhead, green, leatherback, hawksbill and Kemp's ridley.
It is too early to determine how the strong showing of leatherbacks compares with the other sea turtle species. Leatherbacks nest from March to July; most others nest through October.
Leatherbacks were listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act in 1970 after being overhunted for their eggs and harvested for human consumption in places like Asia and South America. Adding to leatherbacks' plight: the threat of entanglement in fishing nets and lines.
A conservation push ensued. Beginning in the late 1980s, some cities introduced stricter lighting laws for beach areas. The idea was to help female turtles find dark areas to nest and for hatchlings to locate a bright horizon — their natural compass — to guide them to the ocean.
Still, beach lights strand as many as 80,000 turtle hatchlings every year, said Robbin Trindell, biological administrator at the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. In the last few years, shrimp trawlers began using nets designed to prevent leatherback turtles from becoming entangled.
"Sea turtles have been around for 150 million years," said Soozin Lewis, a specialist with the Broward County Sea Turtle Conservation Program. "They shouldn't die off just because we can't shut off our lights and because of other human challenges."
Lewis and other surveyors check on the nests each morning, moving them to dark pits in the beach to ensure the hatchlings can navigate to the ocean.
Leatherbacks usually nest at night. The females spend about two hours digging a nest and lay an average of 80 eggs at a time before hiding them with sand. They take about 10 weeks to hatch.
Given the predictions for an active hurricane season and other potential threats, Koperski cautioned this year's numbers don't mean a long-term resurgence for leatherbacks.
"Because sea turtles are such long-lived animals, any sort of detrimental event would not be seen immediately reflected in nesting numbers from one season," Koperski said.
Erosion from an early-season hurricane "may wash them into the ocean, or if they get caught on long-line fishing lines, we won't necessarily see that impact for 15 to 30 years," Koperski said.
Quelle: South Florida Sun-Sentinel
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