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Re: Baby salmon sharks mysteriously dying, washing ashore
infoshark - 12.08.2007, 08:31Baby salmon sharks mysteriously dying, washing ashore
Baby salmon sharks mysteriously dying, washing ashore
SANTA CRUZ — Nearly a dozen dead juvenile salmon sharks, killed by brain infections, have washed up along Central Coast shores in the past month.
And it's not the first time this has happened to the shark, which resembles a great white, though it's the largest number in recent memory, researchers say.
Shot at 2007-08-11
A dead salmon shark was found this week on the beach in Half Moon Bay. Researchers say they’ve seen more dead salmon sharks wash ashore this year than in the recent past.
Every summer for the past decade, dead baby salmon sharks have inexplicably shown up on beaches, an uncommon occurrence because sharks tend to sink to the bottom of the ocean when they die.
Necropsies conducted at Stanford University and Long Marine Lab at UC Santa Cruz have shown that most of the salmon sharks had bacteria-induced brain infections at the time of their deaths, but shark experts still don't know the source of the bacteria.
Even more baffling are the salmon sharks themselves, which are rarely spotted alive in the waters of the Central Coast but whose numbers are legion in the Gulf of Alaska — so much so that they've been referred to as the "poor man's marlin" among fishermen whose livelihoods hinge on catching them.
"There's a mystery in the Monterey Bay and the mystery is that something that looks like a baby white shark dies on our shores every year," said Dave Casper, a veterinarian with Long Marine Lab at UC Santa Cruz. "And yet we never catch live salmon sharks in the bay. But we know they have to be there if they're washing up on our shores"
So Casper is putting out an all-points bulletin on the salmon shark, which, as its name suggests, loves to feed on salmon. Casper's asking local salmon fishermen to keep a lookout for them.
"Please catch a live one for us so we can study it," Casper said, adding that various cultures taken from a live shark could hold the answer to why baby sharks are dying.
"What is the common source for this bacteria, and do adults harbor the bacterium in their systems?" said Casper. "So far, all we've got is this encephalitis. There are more questions than answers"
At first, scientists thought the deaths may have been the result of demoic acid, a biotoxin often found in a variety of marine organisms that the sharks feed on. But no evidence of the biotoxin has surfaced in the necropsies, Casper said.
The deep waters off the Central Coast serve as an annual "pupping grounds" for the adult female sharks, who each year migrate from as far north as Prince William Sound in Alaska to as far south as Southern California waters, said Sean Van Sommeran, executive director of the Santa Cruz-based Pelagic Shark Research Foundation.
Van Sommeran and his foundation have been busy lately, collecting the vast majority of dead sharks after they've been discovered, whether near the Capitola Wharf, as was the case a few weeks ago, or just outside Half Moon Bay, the most recent find two days ago.
"This year has been the worst in years," said Van Sommeran, who helps conduct the necropsies. "And we need to get to the bottom of what's killing them. That's my primary goal"
Salmon sharks at a glance
Species: Lamna ditropis, mainly found in north Pacific Ocean.
Size: Adults grow between 7 and 10 feet long and weigh several hundred pounds.
Range: From Prince William Sound in Alaska to as far south as Southern California.
Food: Salmon, squid, sablefish and herring.
Specialty: Salmon sharks are remarkable for their ability to maintain warm body temperatures even in the frigid waters of the Gulf of Alaska.
Identification: Salmon shark has a shorter snout than the great white shark.
Interesting fact: Cousins to the great white, the adult salmon sharks have been clocked as fast as 50 mph by the U.S. Navy.
Quelle: Santa Cruz Sentinel
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