Verfügbare Informationen zu "hinweise zu urheberschaft und rezeption der studie"
Qualität des Beitrags: Beteiligte Poster: intihaar Forum: nahostforum-world.de Forenbeschreibung: In diesem Politikforum könnt ihr über den Nahen Osten, die Welt, Politik allgemein und was euch sonst noch bewegt diskutieren aus dem Unterforum: Arbeitsprojekt: Der palästinensische Staat und seine Verwirklichung Antworten: 2 Forum gestartet am: Dienstag 03.10.2006 Sprache: deutsch Link zum Originaltopic: hinweise zu urheberschaft und rezeption der studie Letzte Antwort: vor 16 Jahren, 3 Monaten, 14 Tagen, 19 Stunden, 57 Minuten
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Re: hinweise zu urheberschaft und rezeption der studie
intihaar - 12.12.2006, 20:29hinweise zu urheberschaft und rezeption der studie
bevor über den inhalt der studie "building a successful palestinian state" gesprochen wird, sollten natürlich allgemeine informationen darüber gegeben werden, von wem sie beauftragt, finanziert und durchgeführt wurde, wann sie veröffentlicht wurde und an welche addressaten sie sich richtet.
rand corporation und die autoren der studie
die rand corporation (research and developement) ist eine us-amerikanische denkfabrik, die kurz nach dem zweiten weltkrieg als "project rand" zur beratung der us-streitkräfte gegründet wurde. im mai 1948 wurde aus dem "project rand" die non-profit-organisation rand corporation. heute hat sie in ihren acht standorten in santa monica, arlington, pittsburgh, new york city, leiden, berlin, cambridge und doha insgesamt 1.600 beschäftigte. auf ihrer website bezeichnet sich die rand corporation als "non-profit institution that addresses the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world"; sie analysiert ein spektrum an themen, das von fettleibigkeit in den vereinigten staaten über erneuerbare energien bis hin zu schutzmöglichkeiten vor terroristischen angriffen reicht.
die führenden autoren der studie "building a successful palestinian state" sind steven n. simon und c. ross anthony. darüber hinaus waren glenn e. robinson, jerrold d. green, kenneth j. shine, michael schoenbaum, jack riley, justin adams, mark bernstein, keith crane, adel k. afifi, rachel christina und charles goldman an der studie beteiligt. die arbeit an dem werk dauerte zwei jahre und verschlang zusammen mit der schwesterstudie "the arc: a formal structure for a palestinian state", die sich hauptsächlich mit dem aufbau eines korridors zwischen gaza und dem westjordanland befasst, ein budget von zwei millionen us-dollar. finanziert wurde das projekt durch eine spende von david und carol richards sowie direkt durch die rand corporation.
über die positionen der rand corporation zu themen, die den 'nahen und mittleren osten' betreffen, gibt dieser artikel von taqrir washington aufschluss. einzelne kritiker werfen der rand corporation vor, eine zu militaristische weltsicht zu präsentieren, andere, darunter hauptsächlich araber und muslime, werfen ihr orientalismus vor. informationen der corporation selbst über die studie können auf http://www.rand.org/palestine/ abgerufen werden.
warum ist es überhaupt wichtig, sich mit diesem thema auseinanderzusetzen?
"creating a state of palestine does not ensure its success," heißt es gleich zu beginn der studie, "but for palestinians, israelis and many around the world, it is profoundly important that the state succeed." ein gescheiterter palästinensischer staat oder einer, der so schwach ist, dass er von außerhalb kontrolliert werden kann, würde im gegensatz zu einem lebensfähigen staat die internationale sicherheit enorm gefährden, heißt es in dem report. wichtig ist es auch, die dimensionen zu begreifen, die hinter der simplen idee vom traum und alptraum palästina stehen.
Re: hinweise zu urheberschaft und rezeption der studie
intihaar - 12.12.2006, 21:35rezeption
rezeption der studie
in den medien wurde die rand-studie in ihrem erscheinungsjahr 2005 mehrfach erwähnt und ihrerseits einer meist positiv oder neutral ausfallenden analyse unterzogen. im folgenden eine kleine auswahl an leitartikeln zu dem thema [ein artikel von al-bawaba folgt noch, den muss ich aufgrund der vergangenen zeit aber erst anfordern.]:
Zitat: james bennet, the new york times: "Rand had judged that for all the attention lavished on the possible borders between Israel and a notional Palestine, no one had expended much imagination on the structure of the latter. Palestine had persisted as a dream or nightmare, as an abstraction to occupy diplomats and politicians, not as a concrete challenge for urban planners. Yet both the American president and the Israeli prime minister had now called for the eventual creation of a Palestinian state. If the world was serious about a two-state solution, Rand reasoned, someone had to start planning Palestine, particularly since its population was about to surge. The alternative - a failed, impoverished and angry ward on Israel's doorstep, if not in its living room - posed a problem, a danger, for the world.
Rand, an independent nonprofit research organization with a reputation for dispassion and a record of advancing the space program and the military, has concluded that the challenge can be met. It has delivered a gimlet-eyed survey of life in the West Bank and Gaza Strip that shows how far Palestinians are from viable statehood: the crippled, dependent economy, the "corrupt, nonrepresentative and authoritarian rule," the inadequate water supply, the pressure of Israeli occupation. It has suggested a long list of improvements, which it says would cost $33 billion over 10 years. [...]
Both sides have reason to question the studies' success at staying above the political fray, because, in the end, they have inescapable political implications. "What of course is great about the whole thing is that it's Rand that's doing it," said Dr. Ziad Asali, president of the advocacy group the American Task Force on Palestine, citing the importance placed on a viable sovereign Palestine. "This is the establishment giving this credibility."
Ariel Sharon, the Israeli prime minister, calls Jerusalem the country's eternal and indivisible capital. But Rand's analysts determined that "without a credible sovereign presence in Jerusalem, the new state of Palestine will suffer a serious legitimacy deficit among its people" that "will make the emergence of good governance and a stable state problematic."
On the other hand, the studies swat away a central Palestinian demand with a mere footnote. For refugees of the 1948 war and their descendants, Palestinians claim a right of return to their original homes in what is now Israel. But Rand's analysts observed, "Such a return, if it happens at all, is likely to be small." Rand estimated that some 630,000 of them would return to a state of Palestine, however."
Zitat: donald macintyre, the independent: "It's a futuristic concept as stunning as it is implausible, under present conditions. [...] It's an idea about as far away from present-day reality as it is possible to be. But it is no bedtime story. For it is almost exactly the vision which informs a new $2m (pounds 1.1m) study produced by one of America's most prestigious think-tanks, the Rand Corporation. The two complementary reports are, in Rand's own words, the 'most comprehensive recommendations ever made for the success of an independent Palestinian state'. [...] The Rand Corporation study cannot of itself bring that still painfully distant-seeming goal any nearer. But it can at least, and as never before, draw some of the contours of what such a state might look like.
At the core of the Rand proposals is the Arc, a 130-mile corridor running south through the West Bank, looping into southern Gaza - where the disused airport is - and then back up to Gaza City and the north of the Strip. It would, however, include not only the fast rail link, but also a water conduit, fibre-optic cable, power lines, and in recognition that not all freight and passenger journeys will be made by rail, a toll road and a linear national park. According to Rand its construction would provide between 100,000 and 160,000 desperately needed jobs over five years.
[H]ow could the West Bank accommodate the return of perhaps hundreds of thousands of refugees and their dependants who had fled or been driven out of Israel in the 1948 war? One answer to that, in Suisman's blueprint, was the new neighbourhoods lining the boulevards which link the stations to the heart of each West Bank city. Such housing would add more than $2bn to the $6bn cost of the Arc itself. And that would be a fraction of the $33bn total cost over 10 years of the wholesale regeneration envisaged by Rand in its other report, Building a Successful Palestinian State."
Zitat: alan d. abbey, jedioth achronoth: "A great deal has been written about the recent Rand Corporation report, “Helping a Palestinian State Succeed.” [...] The headline-grabbing items in the report detailed the cost it projected for developing “Palestine” over the next decade: Its estimate of more than USD 70 billion is only a starting point, and fails to add in many factors. [...]
The report concedes that none of these efforts will be easy. Its reasonable tone almost guarantees it will be met by yawns (Of course, if we were all reasonable, we wouldn’t be in such a mess.). In fact, many have said the report simply rehashes old ground, wasn’t done at the request of the Palestinians, and is likely to be DOA. [...]
But an important aspect of this report has gone unnoticed and should not be ignored: For all of Rand’s calls for Israel, U.S., and international support for the Palestinians, the report’s strongest call is for the Palestinians to get their act together. [...] Right up front in the report, Rand calls for the Palestinians to develop “an effective government operating under the rule of law in a safe and secure environment that provides for economic development and supports adequate housing, food, education, health and public services for its people.”
It returns again and again to that theme: “The thoroughness with which democratic institutions and processes, including the rule of law, are established will be vital from the outset - indeed, they are already critical even before the state has been created.” The Rand analysts said the Palestinians’ “most pressing internal security concern will be the need to suppress militant organizations that pose a grave threat” both to Israelis and Palestinians themselves. [...] Here’s where we get serious: Is Mahmoud Abbas sincere in his efforts? Can he survive as PA leader if he gets serious? Can that portion of the Palestinian public that presumably wants the rule of law, good schools, a clean environment and economic development exert enough pressure in a society not used to public input in its daily rule?
Some have decided already that Abbas is either incapable or unwilling. Others are calling for unconditional support for him. A more realistic position is to say it’s not yet clear what he will do. There are some encouraging signs. A different report from last year, by the World Bank, praised and showed amazement at the resilience of Palestinian family and social structures despite the disintegration of their economic conditions. It’s something, at least, on which we can base some optimism."
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